Appendicitis removal, medically known as an appendicectomy or appendectomy, is a common surgical procedure performed across Australia to treat inflammation or infection of the appendix. Whether caused by acute appendicitis, chronic inflammation, or other appendix-related issues, removing the appendix is often necessary to prevent serious complications. Here’s a detailed overview of appendicitis removal in Australia, including the types of surgery, what happens during the procedure, and what patients can expect before and after.
What Is an Appendicectomy?
The appendix, a tiny, finger-shaped pouch connected to the caecum, the start of the big intestine, is surgically removed during an appendicectomy. Although its precise purpose is still unknown, the removal of the appendix does not seem to have an impact on general health.
This surgery is most commonly performed to treat acute appendicitis, where the appendix becomes inflamed and painful. It can also be done for chronic appendicitis or rare conditions like tumours or mucoceles of the appendix.
Types of Appendicitis Removal Surgery in Australia
There are two main surgical approaches used in Australia:
1. Laparoscopic (Keyhole) Appendicectomy
- Procedure: This minimally invasive technique uses three small incisions-typically a 10mm cut just below the belly button and two 5mm cuts on the abdomen, including one within the bikini line.
- How It Works: The surgeon inserts a laparoscope (a thin tube with a camera) and surgical instruments through these incisions. Carbon dioxide gas inflates the abdomen to provide a clear view. The appendix is carefully separated, its blood supply is tied off, and it is removed. The abdominal cavity is then washed with sterile saline, especially if there has been any rupture or pus.
- Benefits: lower chance of infection, less pain, faster recovery, and smaller scars. Unless there are issues, this is the recommended approach in the majority of Australian hospitals.
2. Open Appendicectomy
- Procedure: This involves a single larger incision (about 2 to 3 inches) in the lower right abdomen. The abdominal muscles are separated to access the appendix directly.
- When It’s Used: Open surgery is typically reserved for cases where the appendix has ruptured, there is widespread infection, or previous abdominal surgeries have caused scar tissue making laparoscopic surgery difficult.
- Recovery: Usually involves a longer hospital stay and recovery period compared to laparoscopic surgery.
Preparing for Surgery
Before surgery, your medical team will:
- Take a detailed medical history and perform physical examinations.
- Conduct blood tests and imaging (ultrasound or CT scan) to confirm diagnosis.
- Provide instructions on fasting (usually no food or drink for several hours before surgery).
- Administer antibiotics to reduce infection risk.
- Discuss anesthesia options; general anesthesia is used so you will be asleep during the procedure.
What to Expect During Surgery
- The operation typically lasts between 30 minutes to an hour.
- You will be under general anesthesia throughout.
- The surgeon will carefully remove the appendix and clean the abdominal cavity if necessary.
- Incisions are closed with sutures or staples and covered with sterile dressings.
Recovery After Appendicitis Removal
- Hospital Stay: Most laparoscopic patients stay 1-2 days; open surgery patients may stay longer.
- Pain Management: Pain medications will be provided to manage discomfort.
- Activity: Light activities can usually be resumed within a few days, but strenuous exercise should be avoided for 4-6 weeks after open surgery.
- Wound Care: Keep incisions clean and dry; watch for signs of infection such as redness, swelling, or discharge.
- Follow-Up: Your surgeon will schedule follow-up visits to monitor healing and remove sutures if necessary.
Risks and Complications
Appendicectomy is generally safe, but as with any surgery, there are potential risks including:
- Infection at the incision site
- Bleeding or hematoma
- Injury to surrounding organs
- Hernia at the incision site
- Rarely, complications from anesthesia
Your surgical team will discuss these risks and take steps to minimise them.
When to Seek Medical Advice Post-Surgery
Contact your doctor if you experience:
- Increasing pain or swelling around the incision
- Persistent fever above 38°C (100.4°F)
- Excessive bleeding or discharge from the wound
- Difficulty breathing or chest pain
- Severe abdominal pain or vomiting
Appendicitis removal in Australia is a well-established, commonly performed surgery with excellent outcomes. Advances in laparoscopic techniques have made recovery faster and less painful for most patients. Early diagnosis and prompt surgical treatment remain key to preventing complications like appendix rupture and widespread infection.