Gabapentin is widely prescribed in Australia for conditions such as epilepsy and neuropathic pain. While it is generally well tolerated, it can cause a range of side effects. Among these, the most significant and frequently reported major side effect is dizziness and unsteadiness, which can affect daily activities and safety.
Common and Major Side Effects
The most common side effects experienced by people taking gabapentin include:
- Dizziness and clumsiness: Many patients report feeling light-headed or unsteady on their feet, which can increase the risk of falls, especially in older adults.
- Drowsiness or fatigue: Gabapentin often causes tiredness, which can interfere with concentration and alertness.
- Coordination problems: Difficulty with balance and slowed reactions are also common, contributing to the feeling of unsteadiness.
These neurological side effects are considered major because they can significantly impact a person’s ability to perform tasks such as driving, operating machinery, or even walking safely.
Other Important Side Effects to Be Aware Of
While dizziness and unsteadiness are the most prominent, gabapentin can also cause:
- Mood and behavioral changes: Including anxiety, depression, irritability, or restlessness, which may be more noticeable in children.
- Visual disturbances: Blurred or double vision and involuntary eye movements.
- Swelling: Fluid retention causing swelling in hands, feet, or lower legs.
- Gastrointestinal issues: Nausea, vomiting, constipation, or dry mouth.
- Serious allergic reactions: Though rare, symptoms such as rash, swelling of the face or throat, difficulty breathing, and fever require immediate medical attention.
Serious Risks and When to Seek Help
In rare cases, gabapentin can cause severe side effects such as:
- Increased seizure frequency or severity
- Respiratory depression (difficulty breathing)
- Severe allergic reactions (DRESS syndrome)
- Suicidal thoughts or behavior
If you experience any of these serious symptoms, seek emergency medical care immediately.
Managing Side Effects Safely
- Always take gabapentin exactly as prescribed.
- Do not stop the medication suddenly; tapering under medical supervision is important to avoid withdrawal symptoms.
- Avoid alcohol and other sedatives that can worsen dizziness and drowsiness.
- Inform your healthcare provider if you experience persistent or worsening side effects.
The major side effect of gabapentin in Australia is dizziness and unsteadiness, which can affect balance and coordination. While many side effects are mild and improve over time, some can be serious and require prompt medical attention. Careful monitoring and communication with your healthcare provider help ensure safe and effective use of gabapentin.