Cetirizine is a widely used antihistamine medication in Australia, known for its effectiveness in relieving allergy symptoms. It is commonly used to treat conditions such as hay fever, perennial allergic rhinitis, and chronic hives. This blog post explores the primary uses of cetirizine in Australia, how it works, and important information for those considering or currently using this medication.
What is Cetirizine?
Cetirizine hydrochloride is a second-generation antihistamine that works by blocking histamine H1 receptors. Histamine is a chemical released by the body during allergic reactions, causing symptoms like sneezing, itching, watery eyes, and runny nose. By preventing histamine from binding to its receptors, cetirizine helps reduce these symptoms effectively without causing significant drowsiness, a common side effect of older antihistamines.
Primary Uses of Cetirizine in Australia
Cetirizine is indicated for the relief of symptoms associated with several allergic conditions:
- Seasonal Allergic Rhinitis (Hay Fever): Cetirizine helps alleviate symptoms such as sneezing, nasal congestion, runny nose, itchy nose, and itchy, watery eyes caused by seasonal allergens like pollen.
- Perennial Allergic Rhinitis: It is also effective in managing year-round allergy symptoms triggered by indoor allergens such as dust mites, pet dander, and mould.
- Chronic Idiopathic Urticaria (Hives): Cetirizine is used to treat the skin manifestations of chronic hives, significantly reducing the frequency, severity, and itching associated with these rashes.
These uses apply to adults and children aged 6 years and older, with appropriate dosing adjustments.
How Cetirizine Works
Cetirizine blocks the H1 histamine receptors, which prevents histamine from exerting its effects on tissues. This action reduces inflammation, itching, and other allergic symptoms, providing relief to those affected by allergies.
Forms and Availability
In Australia, cetirizine is available over the counter and by prescription in various forms, including:
- 10 mg film-coated tablets
- Oral liquid formulations for children
- Different pack sizes ranging from small to bulk quantities
Popular brand names include Zyrtec, Trust Cetirizine, Amcal Cetirizine, and Apohealth Cetirizine.
Important Considerations
- Dosage: Adults and children over 12 years typically take 10 mg once daily. Children aged 6 to 12 years usually take 5 mg twice daily. Always follow the dosing instructions provided by your healthcare professional.
- Side Effects: Common side effects include headache, dry mouth, and mild drowsiness. Serious adverse effects are rare but should be reported to a healthcare provider immediately.
- Pregnancy and Breastfeeding: Consult your doctor before using cetirizine if you are pregnant or breastfeeding.
- Storage: Store cetirizine tablets below 25°C and keep them out of reach of children.
- Allergies: Inform your healthcare provider if you have a history of allergies to antihistamines or other medications.
Reporting Side Effects
In Australia, you can report any adverse reactions to cetirizine to the Therapeutic Goods Administration (TGA) to help monitor medication safety.
Summary
Cetirizine is a trusted antihistamine widely used in Australia to relieve symptoms of hay fever, perennial allergies, and chronic hives. Its effectiveness, ease of use, and generally mild side effect profile make it a popular choice for allergy sufferers. Always use cetirizine as directed by a healthcare professional and consult them if symptoms persist or worsen