Vyvanse (lisdexamfetamine) is a widely prescribed medication in Australia for managing Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) in children aged 6 years and older, adolescents, and adults. It is also approved for treating moderate to severe binge eating disorder in adults, but here we focus on its role in ADHD treatment.
What Is Vyvanse and How Does It Work?
Vyvanse contains lisdexamfetamine, a prodrug that is inactive until metabolized in the bloodstream into dexamphetamine, the active compound. This gradual conversion provides a smoother onset and longer duration of action compared to some other stimulants. Vyvanse works by increasing the levels of dopamine and norepinephrine in the brain, neurotransmitters that play key roles in attention, impulse control, and hyperactivity regulation.
Who Can Take Vyvanse for ADHD in Australia?
Vyvanse is approved for use in:
- Children aged 6 years and older diagnosed with ADHD
- Adolescents and adults with ADHD
It is not recommended for children under 6 years of age. Treatment should be initiated and monitored by a specialist, such as a paediatrician, psychiatrist, or neurologist, experienced in ADHD management.
How Is Vyvanse Used in ADHD Treatment?
Vyvanse is intended as part of a comprehensive treatment program that includes psychological, educational, and social interventions alongside medication. It is not a standalone cure but a tool to help manage symptoms effectively.
The typical starting dose for ADHD is 30 mg once daily in the morning. Based on clinical response and tolerability, the dose may be increased in increments of 20 mg at weekly intervals, up to a maximum of 70 mg per day. Regular follow-up is essential to assess effectiveness and side effects.
Regulatory and Prescribing Considerations in Australia
- Vyvanse is classified as a Schedule 4 (prescription-only) medication and is regulated accordingly.
- There are no special permits required for prescribing Vyvanse for ADHD in Australia, unlike some other stimulant medications.
- The Pharmaceutical Benefits Scheme (PBS) lifted age restrictions in 2021, allowing adults over 18 to access Vyvanse with PBS subsidy.
- Prescribers should periodically re-evaluate the ongoing need for Vyvanse, especially for long-term use.
What Does the Australian ADHD Clinical Practice Guideline Say?
The Australian ADHD Professionals Association (AADPA) recommends stimulant medications such as methylphenidate, dexamphetamine, or lisdexamfetamine (Vyvanse) as first-line treatments for ADHD in children, adolescents, and adults. If stimulants are ineffective or not tolerated, non-stimulant options like atomoxetine or guanfacine may be considered.
Important Safety Information
- Vyvanse can be habit-forming and has potential for abuse; it should be used responsibly under medical supervision.
- Side effects may include decreased appetite, insomnia, dry mouth, increased heart rate, and mood changes.
- It is not recommended for individuals with certain cardiovascular conditions or a history of drug abuse without careful assessment.
- Vyvanse is not indicated for weight loss or use in children under 6 years.
Summary
Vyvanse is a key medication in Australia’s ADHD treatment landscape, recommended as part of a holistic approach combining medication with psychological and educational support. It offers a once-daily dosing convenience with a gradual onset and sustained effect, helping many Australians manage ADHD symptoms effectively. Always consult a specialist for diagnosis and tailored treatment planning.