Cephalexin is a widely prescribed antibiotic in Australia, known for its effectiveness in treating a variety of bacterial infections. As a first-generation cephalosporin, cephalexin works by targeting and eliminating bacteria responsible for infections in different parts of the body. This blog post will explore the common uses of cephalexin in Australia, how it works, and important considerations for its use.
What is Cephalexin Used For?
Cephalexin is primarily used to treat infections caused by susceptible bacteria. In Australia, it is commonly prescribed for:
- Respiratory Tract Infections: This includes infections of the throat, tonsils, sinuses, chest, and lungs caused by bacteria such as Streptococcus pneumoniae and group A beta-haemolytic streptococci.
- Ear Infections (Otitis Media): Cephalexin is effective against bacteria like Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus pneumoniae that cause middle ear infections.
- Skin and Soft Tissue Infections: It treats infections caused by Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus pyogenes, including cellulitis and wound infections.
- Genitourinary Tract Infections: Cephalexin is used for urinary tract infections (UTIs), including acute prostatitis, caused by bacteria such as Escherichia coli, Proteus mirabilis, and Klebsiella species.
- Bone Infections: It can be used for bone infections caused by susceptible bacteria, often in combination with other treatments.
Cephalexin is not effective against viral infections like the common cold or influenza.
How Does Cephalexin Work?
Cephalexin belongs to the cephalosporin class of antibiotics. It kills bacteria by interfering with their ability to build cell walls, which are essential for their survival. Without a proper cell wall, bacteria rupture and die, helping clear the infection.
Important Considerations for Cephalexin Use in Australia
- Prescription Only: Cephalexin is available in Australia only with a doctor’s prescription.
- Complete the Course: It’s essential to finish the entire prescribed course, even if symptoms improve early, to prevent the infection from returning or developing resistance.
- Allergies: People allergic to penicillin or other cephalosporins should inform their healthcare provider before taking cephalexin.
- Side Effects: Common side effects include nausea, diarrhea, and rash. Serious allergic reactions are rare but require immediate medical attention.
- Monitoring: In some cases, renal function tests and bacterial culture and sensitivity tests may be recommended to ensure safe and effective treatment.
Summary
In Australia, cephalexin is a trusted antibiotic used to treat a range of bacterial infections, including respiratory, ear, skin, and urinary tract infections. Its ability to target and destroy bacteria makes it a valuable medication in managing infections and preventing complications. Always use cephalexin under medical supervision, follow your doctor’s instructions carefully, and complete the full treatment course for the best outcomes.